Publications

The following publications are available on this site:

Position papers on animal use

IVTIP position paper on The need to use animals in Research & Development'
Position paper of the Society of Toxicology on 'Animals in Research'
Position Paper of Society of Toxicology on 'Guiding Principles in the Use of Animals in Toxicology'
Position paper of the Chemical Industry Association on 'Animal Testing'. Also contains references to the 3R principle.

The 3Rs: Replacement, Reduction, Refinement

An essay on the principle of the 3Rs: Replacement, Reduction and Refinement of the use of animals in research and development.

Industrial requirements in in vitro testing

An essay on which requirements a test should fullfil before it can be used in industry.
IVTIP Position paper on the industrial need for research (1997).
IVTIP position paper on the industrial need for research and the role of an industrial platform (2000).

Validation of alternative tests

An essay on validation: the process of ensuring that a test is efficacious, reliable and repeatable before it can be introduced on a larger scale.

Regulation of testing

An essay on regulation: the principles and the need for harmonisation.